Construction of air and gas heater



May 27, 1952 J. JANSON CONSTRUCTION OF AIR AND GAS HEATER Filed March29, 1951 Inventor:

Alfom e v Patented May 27, 1952 CONSTRUCTION OF AIR AND GAS HEATER JosefJanson, Grunstadt/Pfalz, Germany, as-

signor to Pfalzische Chamotteund Tonwerke (Schifier and Kircher) A. G.,Eisenberg/Pfalz,

Germany Application March 29, 1951, Serial No. 218,108 In Germany May 3,1950 1 Claim. 1

This invention relates to the construction of air and gas heaters formelting furnaces or the like,

In the heating of an air and gas heater, the heating gases flow throughthe upper part thereof at high velocity owing to their great volume andrapidly yield their heat to the brickwork of the heater. The volume andtherefore the velocity of the gases decreases during their downwardmovement in accordance with their progressive cooling. To maintain thevelocity of the gases as far as possible various proposals have beenmade, for example it has been proposed to employ bricks havingprojections extending into the lower portions of the passages of theheater or to fit special bricks into the passages. By increasing themass of brickwork in the lower part of the heater in this manner,however, heat exchange becomes progressively more ineifective towardsthe lower part of the heater, and the cost of installation is increased.

The object of this invention is to provide a construction of brickworkfor an air and gas heater which will overcome the above disadvantage andto this end according to this invention an air and gas heater isconstructed from bricks of constant quadratic cross section, havingrectangular passages extending through them and recessed free spaces intheir side faces, the Width of the passages in the bricks decreasingprogressively from the upper to the lower part of the heater, the totalcross sections of the passages and the brick mass respectively remainingapproximately constant, the bricks in the upper part of the heater beingarranged so that the passages therein form continuous uninterruptedducts and the bricks in the lower part of the heater being arranged sothat the passages in each layer of bricks are disposed at right anglesto the passages in the bricks in adjacent layers.

The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanyingdrawing in which:

Figure 1 shows one filling brick,

Figure 2 shows a second filling brick,

Figure 3 shows a third filling brick,

Figure 4 shows in plan four filling bricks as shoiTiriFigure 1,

Figure 5 shows in plan four filling bricks as shown in Figure 2, and

Figure 6 shows in plan shown in Figure 3.

The bricks I shown in the accompanying drawing are all of constantquadratic cross section, having rectangular passages 2 extending throughthem and recessed free spaces 3 in their side faces.

The width of the passages 2 in the bricks I shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3progressively decreases though the total cross sections of the passagesand the brick mass respectively remain approximately constant, and in anassembled four filling bricks as filling for an air heater these bricksare disposed in zones one above the other, each zone consisting ofseveral layers of one type of brick. Thus, for example, a zone of bricksas shown in Figures 1 and 4 is disposed at the upper end of the heaterabove a zone of bricks as shown in Figures 2 and 5, successive layers ofbricks being arranged so that the passages 2 therein form continuousuninterrupted ducts, while below them are arranged respectively afurther zone of bricks as shown in Figures 2 and 5 and a zone of bricksas shown in Figures 3 and 6, successive layers of bricks being arrangedso that the passages 2 therein are disposed at right angles to eachother.

With the bricks 1 arranged in this manner the heating gases can flowwithout hindrance at high velocity through the upper part of thefilling, while in the lower part the fiow of gases is constricted andaccelerated at the'crossing points of the bricks, eddy currents beingset up, whereby the coefficient of heat transmission and consequentlythe heat transfer are increased. Thus the entire filling is effectivelyutilised while the continuous uninterrupted ducts in the upper partthereof protects the bricks from the danger of fusing together.

I claim:

An air and gas heater for a melting furnace and the like constructedfrom bricks of constant quadratic cross section, having rectangularpassages extending through them and recessed free spaces in their sidefaces, the width of the passages in the bricks decreasing progressivelyfrom the upper to the lower part of the heater, the total cross sectionsof the passages and the brick mass respectively remaining approximatelyconstant, the bricks in the upper part of the heater being arranged sothat the passages therein form continuous uninterrupted ducts, and thebricks in the lower part of the heater being arranged so that thepassages in each layer of bricks are disposed at right angles to thepassages in the bricks in adjacent layers.

J O-SEF JANSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,908,143 Grilli May 9, 19331,964,830 Pohl et al. July 3, 1934 2,018,224 Otto Oct. 22, 19352,172,714 Schack et a1. Sept. 12, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Number CountryDate 672,940 France Jan. 8, 1930

